Five elements are essential for a good sound: color, balance, power, focus and elegance. These five concepts of sound are of primary importance throughout the entire process of creating an instrument, whether making the rib structure, shaping the arch, graduating the plates, carving the scroll, applying the varnish or doing final set-up.

Color : A complex palette of colors and hues across all registers is the primary attribute of a fine stringed instrument. The lower end should be seductive and generous with a richly-textured sound. The upper register should be brilliant and supple, but with elastic tension.

Power : Intensity and drive on the lower end and crystal clear brilliance on the upper end give power to an instrument. The instrument should move easily between states of elastic tension and relaxation. It should not give out under firm bow pressure. The sound must seem to have endless depth.

Focus : Quickly responding notes, with a clear definition and a firm core, give an instrument an easy response in all registers and a focused sound. This is the foundation or cushion players speak of when describing a good sound.

Elegance : The instrument should respond to a gentle touch, producing a silky tone with grace and elegance. When played quietly, the instrument should have the same intensity and definition as when played vigorously.